![]() However, in about 10% of cases, the infection can reactivate at any time (Werf & Kramarz, 2016a). The disease can remain latent, asymptomatic, and non-infectious for many years (van der Werf & Zellweger, 2016). ![]() It is estimated that one-third of the global population is infected with tuberculosis, but not all infected people can develop it. TB is caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis which is an air-borne disease and transmitted when an individual with the active form of the disease sneezes, coughs, spits, or speaks (Bender, Andrews, & Peter, 2010 Bodenmann et al., 2009 Kan, Kalin, & Bruchfeld, 2013 Nuzzo, Golub, Chaulk, & Shah, 2013). (2013) find that tuberculosis has been gradually declining since the 1990s and 2000s, with an estimated nine million incidences of tuberculosis in 2010. Despite this, it remains a significant cause of mortality and morbidity throughout the world. Tuberculosis (TB) was declared a global health emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1993. Analyse and Explore Contemporary Research Literature to Identify Areas for Service Improvement Introduction Background
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